FORMATION OF THE COGNITIVE ACTIVITY OF STUDENTS BASED ON NATIONAL CULTURAL HERITAGE

Abstract

This article examines methodological and pedagogical approaches to enhancing students’ cognitive activity through the integration of national cultural heritage into the learning process. Cognitive activity is regarded as a key component of students’ intellectual development, creativity, and independent thinking. By incorporating elements of national traditions, historical memory, folklore, arts, ethical values, and cultural symbols into educational programs, educators can create rich learning environments that stimulate active learning, problem-solving, and reflective thinking. The study builds on contemporary educational theories and the cultural-historical approach, particularly the ideas of Vygotsky (1978) on mediated learning, Bruner’s (1996) constructivist model, and modern research emphasizing culturally responsive pedagogy (Gay, 2010). The findings show that the use of national cultural heritage increases student motivation, strengthens identity, enhances critical thinking, and supports sustainable cognitive development. Practical recommendations for integrating cultural materials into higher education curricula are also provided.